Showing posts with label linux fundamental. Show all posts
Showing posts with label linux fundamental. Show all posts
what is meant by the kernel? ...
reviews the history of linux kernel
Because access to hardware is limited, whereas there is more than one program must be served in
the same time, the kernel also served to regulate when and how long a program can be
use one part of the hardware. This is called a multiplex.
Access to the hardware directly is a complex problem, therefore the kernel is usually
implement a set of hardware abstraction. Such abstractions are a way to
hide complexity, and allows access to the hardware to be easily and uniformly.
Abstraction so that ultimately facilitate the work of programmers.
To run a computer we do not have to use the operating system kernel. A program can be directly loaded and run on the machine 'naked' computers, that is when the program wants to do his job without the help of abstraction of hardware or operating system assistance. This technique is used by earlier generations of computers, so if we want to move from one program to another program, we have to reset and load the return of those programs.
There are 4 categories of the kernel:
1.Monolithic kernel. Kernel that provides the hardware abstraction rich and powerful.
2.Microkernel. Kernel that provides only a small set of simple hardware abstraction, and
using the applications referred to as a server to provide other functions.
3.Hybrid (modification of the microkernel). Microkernel-like kernel, but it also included some code
added in the kernel so it becomes faster
4.Exokernel. Kernel does not provide hardware abstraction at all, but it provides a set of libraries
which provides functions to access the hardware directly or nearly directly.
The kernel of the four categories mentioned above, the Linux kernel including the kernel monolithic category. Linux kernel
different Linux systems. The Linux kernel is an original software created by the community
Linux, while Linux system, which is known today, contains many components that made their own or borrowed
from other development projects.
Because access to hardware is limited, whereas there is more than one program must be served in
the same time, the kernel also served to regulate when and how long a program can be
use one part of the hardware. This is called a multiplex.
Access to the hardware directly is a complex problem, therefore the kernel is usually
implement a set of hardware abstraction. Such abstractions are a way to
hide complexity, and allows access to the hardware to be easily and uniformly.
Abstraction so that ultimately facilitate the work of programmers.
To run a computer we do not have to use the operating system kernel. A program can be directly loaded and run on the machine 'naked' computers, that is when the program wants to do his job without the help of abstraction of hardware or operating system assistance. This technique is used by earlier generations of computers, so if we want to move from one program to another program, we have to reset and load the return of those programs.
There are 4 categories of the kernel:
1.Monolithic kernel. Kernel that provides the hardware abstraction rich and powerful.
2.Microkernel. Kernel that provides only a small set of simple hardware abstraction, and
using the applications referred to as a server to provide other functions.
3.Hybrid (modification of the microkernel). Microkernel-like kernel, but it also included some code
added in the kernel so it becomes faster
4.Exokernel. Kernel does not provide hardware abstraction at all, but it provides a set of libraries
which provides functions to access the hardware directly or nearly directly.
The kernel of the four categories mentioned above, the Linux kernel including the kernel monolithic category. Linux kernel
different Linux systems. The Linux kernel is an original software created by the community
Linux, while Linux system, which is known today, contains many components that made their own or borrowed
from other development projects.
HISTORY OF LINUX
LINUX is the name given to the type of computer operating system Unix. Linux is one example of the development of free software and open source principal. Like the free software and other open source in general, LNUX source code can be modified, used and redistributed freely by anyone. The name "Linux" comes from the name of the kernel (Linux), which was made on 5 October 1991 by Linus Torvalds, a student of the University of Helsinki in Finland. The system, equipment and system libraries generally come from the GNU operating system, which was announced in 1983 by Richard Stallman. The GNU contribution is the basis of the emergence of the alternative name GNU / Linux. Linux has long been known for its use in servers, and supported by computer companies such as Dell famous, Hewleet-Packard, IBM, Novell, Oracle Corporation, Red Hat, and Sun Microsystems. Linux is used as the operating system in various types of computer hardware, including desktop computers, supercomputers, and Embedded systems such as electronic book readers, video game systems (PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3 and Xbox), mobile phones and routers. Analysts believe the success of information technology Linux because Linux does not depend on the vendor (vendor independence), low operating costs, and higher compatibility than no free versions of UNIX, as well as safety factor and high stability compared to other operating systems like Microsoft Windows. These characteristics also be evidence of the benefits of the development model of open source software (opensource software). Linux operating system known as Linux distributions (Linux distribution) or a general Linux distribution already includes device-support software such as web servers, programming languages, databases, desktop display (desktop environment) (such as Gnome and KDE), and office application packages (office suite) as Open Office.org, KOffice, Abiword, and Gnumeric. id.wikipedia.org / wiki / linux.
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